Text Art and Concrete Poetry
Compiled and Indexed by
Michael P. Garofalo
Concrete Poems,
Visual Poetry,
Text Art,
Interactive and Hypertext Poetry
Shape Poems, Graphic Arts and Poetry, Calligrams
Title Index to Websites, Books,
Journals, Articles, and Poems
Autumn 2019
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Note: This document is a supplement to the hypertext document I created and posted online on December 27, 2005.
Concrete Poetry - Wikipedia Includes a long list of Concrete and Visual Poets, references, links, and general information.
"The essence of a poem is inferred through a
simple language pattern without necessarily having to 'read' it."
- John Sharkey, 1971
"Concrete poetry is an arrangement of
linguistic elements in which the typographical effect is more important in
conveying meaning than verbal significance.[1] It
is sometimes referred to as visual
poetry, a term that has now developed a distinct meaning of its own.
Concrete poetry relates more to the visual than to the verbal arts although
there is a considerable overlap in the kind of product to which it refers.
Historically, however, concrete poetry has developed from a long tradition of
shaped or patterned poems in which the words are arranged in such a way as to
depict their subject."
- Wikipedia,
2019
"A calligram is text arranged in such a
way that it forms a thematically related image. It can be a poem,
a phrase, a portion of scripture,
or a single word; the visual arrangement can rely on certain use of the typeface, calligraphy or handwriting,
for instance along non-parallel and curved text lines, or in shaped paragraphs.
The image created by the words illustrates the text by expressing visually what
it says, or something closely associated; it can also, on purpose, show
something contradictory with the text or otherwise misleading.
Guillaume Apollinaire was a famous calligram writer and author of a book of
poems called Calligrammes.
Visual artist Mirjam
Polman makes calligrams in which hundreds, or even thousands of handwritten
words are processed into wall decorations."
- Wikipedia, Calligram, 2019
I am using CorelDRAW 2019, Photoshop Elements 14, and Microsoft Word and Publisher 2016 to work on graphic arts projects.
Concrete Block by Michael P. Garofalo